HSK1 - Lesson 1 你好 Hello
Part 1: Greetings 问候语
💡 Cultural Note: Understanding "你好" (Nǐ hǎo)
In Chinese, "你好" (nǐ hǎo) is not exactly the same as "hello" in English. It's generally used for first-time meetings or in more formal situations. Unlike in English-speaking cultures where we say "hello" every day, Chinese people don't typically greet family, friends, classmates, or colleagues with "你好" on a daily basis, as it can create a sense of distance or formality.
For people you already know, there are two common greeting patterns:
1. Title/Role + 好
Use the person's title or role followed by 好. For example, students greet teachers by saying "老师好" (lǎoshī hǎo - "Hello, teacher").
2. Time of Day + 好
Use the time of day followed by 好. For example, when arriving at the office in the morning, you might greet colleagues with "早上好" (zǎoshang hǎo) or simply "早" (zǎo - a more casual "morning!").
3. Combination: Title + Time
You can also combine both patterns, such as "早上好,李经理" (zǎoshang hǎo, Lǐ jīnglǐ - "Good morning, Manager Li").
Must Master 必须掌握Core expressions
Learning Goal 学习目标: After this group, learners should be able to say hello, use a few essential daily greetings, apologize politely, and respond to an apology.
Nǐ hǎo!
你 (you) 好 (good) !
Hello! (Note: 你 is pronounced as 2nd tone "ní" instead of 3rd tone "nǐ" when followed by another 3rd tone.)
Nín hǎo!
您 (you (formal)) 好 (good) !
Hello! (formal)
Nǐmen hǎo!
你们 (you (plural)) 好 (good) !
Hello! (to multiple people)
Dàjiā hǎo!
大家 (everyone) 好 (good) !
Hello everyone!
Lǎoshī hǎo!
老师 (teacher) 好 (good) !
Hello teacher!
Zǎoshang hǎo! / Zǎo!
早上 (morning) 好 (good) / 早 (early) !
Good morning! (Note: 早 is a more casual way to say good morning.)
Wǎnshang hǎo!
晚上 (evening) 好 (good) !
Good evening!
Wǎn ān!
晚 (evening/night) 安 (peaceful) !
Good night!
Duì buqǐ.
对 (face / toward) 不起 (cannot afford / cannot rise) .
Sorry. / I'm sorry. (Used for more serious apologies.)
Bù hǎo yìsi.
不 (not) 好 (good) 意思 (meaning / intention) .
Excuse me. / Sorry. (More casual, used for minor inconveniences.)
Méi guānxi.
没 (not have) 关系 (relationship / matter) .
It's okay. / No problem.
Extension 拓展了解Useful extras
Learning Goal 学习目标: After this group, learners should be able to recognize extra greetings and understand which expressions are formal, casual, or used only in specific situations.
Tóngxuémen hǎo!
同学们 (classmates) 好 (good) !
Hello classmates!
Jīnglǐ hǎo!
经理 (manager) 好 (good) !
Hello manager!
Lǐ xiǎojiě hǎo!
李 (Li) 小姐 (Miss) 好 (good) !
Hello Miss Li!
Lǐ xiānsheng hǎo!
李 (Li) 先生 (Mr.) 好 (good) !
Hello Mr. Li!
Shàngwǔ hǎo!
上午 (morning (before noon)) 好 (good) !
Good morning!
Zhōngwǔ hǎo!
中午 (noon) 好 (good) !
Good noon! / Hello at noon!
Xiàwǔ hǎo!
下午 (afternoon) 好 (good) !
Good afternoon!
Hǎojiǔ bù jiàn!
好久 (for a long time) 不 (not) 见 (see) !
Long time no see!
Nǐ chī le ma?
你 (you) 吃 (eat) 了 ((perfective)) 吗 ((question)) ?
Have you eaten? (A casual greeting around mealtimes showing care.)
Méi shì.
没 (not have) 事 (matter / thing) .
It's nothing. / No problem.
Part 2: Practice 练习
Exercise 1: Meaning Check 认意思
Learning Goal: Understand the core meaning of the most important greetings and response expressions.
1. Which expression means hello?
A. 你好!
B. 晚安!
C. 对不起。
D. 没关系。
2. Which expression do you use before going to sleep?
A. 大家好!
B. 好久不见!
C. 晚安!
D. 早!
3. Which expression means it's okay / no problem?
A. 不好意思。
B. 没关系。
C. 你们好!
D. 下午好!
Exercise 2: Formal or Casual? 正式还是随意?
Learning Goal: Tell the difference between formal and casual expressions, especially the ones learners often mix up.
1. “您好” is more _______ than “你好”.
2. “早!” is usually more _______ than “早上好!”.
3. Which expression is usually more casual for a small inconvenience?
A. 不好意思。 Excuse me. / Sorry.
B. 对不起。 Sorry.
Exercise 3: Choose the Best Greeting 选最合适的问候语
Learning Goal: Match the expression to the situation instead of memorizing it in isolation.
1. You meet your teacher in the morning. What should you say?
A. 老师早上好!
B. 晚安!
C. 没关系。
D. 对不起。
2. You start class and want to greet the whole group. What is the best choice?
A. 你好!
B. 您好!
C. 大家好!
D. 没事。
3. You see an old friend after a long time. What should you say?
A. 中午好!
B. 老师好!
C. 你吃了吗?
D. 好久不见!
Exercise 4: What Do You Say Back? 你怎么回应?
Learning Goal: Practice short, natural responses so learners can handle a basic greeting exchange.
1. Someone says “对不起。” What is the best response?
A. 大家好!
B. 没关系。
C. 晚安!
D. 上午好!
2. Your teacher says “同学们好!” What can students say back?
A. 老师好!
B. 你们好!
C. 没事。
D. 对不起。
3. Someone says “你好!” to you. What is a natural reply?
A. 晚安!
B. 没关系。
C. 你好!
D. 好久不见!