HSK1 - Lesson 1 你好 Hello

Part 1: Greetings 问候语

💡 Cultural Note: Understanding "你好" (Nǐ hǎo)

In Chinese, "你好" (nǐ hǎo) is not exactly the same as "hello" in English. It's generally used for first-time meetings or in more formal situations. Unlike in English-speaking cultures where we say "hello" every day, Chinese people don't typically greet family, friends, classmates, or colleagues with "你好" on a daily basis, as it can create a sense of distance or formality.

For people you already know, there are two common greeting patterns:

1. Title/Role + 好
Use the person's title or role followed by 好. For example, students greet teachers by saying "老师好" (lǎoshī hǎo - "Hello, teacher").

2. Time of Day + 好
Use the time of day followed by 好. For example, when arriving at the office in the morning, you might greet colleagues with "早上好" (zǎoshang hǎo) or simply "早" (zǎo - a more casual "morning!").

3. Combination: Title + Time
You can also combine both patterns, such as "早上好,李经理" (zǎoshang hǎo, Lǐ jīnglǐ - "Good morning, Manager Li").

Must Master 必须掌握Core expressions
Learning Goal 学习目标: After this group, learners should be able to say hello, use a few essential daily greetings, apologize politely, and respond to an apology.
Formal
你好!
hǎo!
你 (you) 好 (good) !
Hello! (Note: 你 is pronounced as 2nd tone "ní" instead of 3rd tone "nǐ" when followed by another 3rd tone.)
Formal
您好!
Nín hǎo!
您 (you (formal)) 好 (good) !
Hello! (formal)
Formal
你们好!
Nǐmen hǎo!
你们 (you (plural)) 好 (good) !
Hello! (to multiple people)
Formal
大家好!
Dàjiā hǎo!
大家 (everyone) 好 (good) !
Hello everyone!
Formal
老师好!
Lǎoshī hǎo!
老师 (teacher) 好 (good) !
Hello teacher!
FormalCasual
早上好!/ 早!
Zǎoshang hǎo! / Zǎo!
早上 (morning) 好 (good) / 早 (early) !
Good morning! (Note: 早 is a more casual way to say good morning.)
Formal
晚上好!
Wǎnshang hǎo!
晚上 (evening) 好 (good) !
Good evening!
Formal
晚安!
Wǎn ān!
晚 (evening/night) 安 (peaceful) !
Good night!
Formal
对不起。
Duì buqǐ.
对 (face / toward) 不起 (cannot afford / cannot rise) .
Sorry. / I'm sorry. (Used for more serious apologies.)
Casual
不好意思。
hǎo yìsi.
不 (not) 好 (good) 意思 (meaning / intention) .
Excuse me. / Sorry. (More casual, used for minor inconveniences.)
Formal
没关系。
Méi guānxi.
没 (not have) 关系 (relationship / matter) .
It's okay. / No problem.
Extension 拓展了解Useful extras
Learning Goal 学习目标: After this group, learners should be able to recognize extra greetings and understand which expressions are formal, casual, or used only in specific situations.
Formal
同学们好!
Tóngxuémen hǎo!
同学们 (classmates) 好 (good) !
Hello classmates!
Formal
经理好!
Jīnglǐ hǎo!
经理 (manager) 好 (good) !
Hello manager!
Formal
李小姐好!
xiǎojiě hǎo!
李 (Li) 小姐 (Miss) 好 (good) !
Hello Miss Li!
Formal
李先生好!
xiānsheng hǎo!
李 (Li) 先生 (Mr.) 好 (good) !
Hello Mr. Li!
Formal
上午好!
Shàngwǔ hǎo!
上午 (morning (before noon)) 好 (good) !
Good morning!
Formal
中午好!
Zhōngwǔ hǎo!
中午 (noon) 好 (good) !
Good noon! / Hello at noon!
Formal
下午好!
Xiàwǔ hǎo!
下午 (afternoon) 好 (good) !
Good afternoon!
FormalCasual
好久不见!
Hǎojiǔ jiàn!
好久 (for a long time) 不 (not) 见 (see) !
Long time no see!
Casual
你吃了吗?
chī le ma?
你 (you) 吃 (eat) 了 ((perfective)) 吗 ((question)) ?
Have you eaten? (A casual greeting around mealtimes showing care.)
Casual
没事。
Méi shì.
没 (not have) 事 (matter / thing) .
It's nothing. / No problem.

Part 2: Practice 练习

Exercise 1: Meaning Check 认意思

Learning Goal: Understand the core meaning of the most important greetings and response expressions.
1. Which expression means hello?
A. 你好!
B. 晚安!
C. 对不起。
D. 没关系。
2. Which expression do you use before going to sleep?
A. 大家好!
B. 好久不见!
C. 晚安!
D. 早!
3. Which expression means it's okay / no problem?
A. 不好意思。
B. 没关系。
C. 你们好!
D. 下午好!

Exercise 2: Formal or Casual? 正式还是随意?

Learning Goal: Tell the difference between formal and casual expressions, especially the ones learners often mix up.
1. “您好” is more _______ than “你好”.
A. casual
B. formal
2. “早!” is usually more _______ than “早上好!”.
A. casual
B. formal
3. Which expression is usually more casual for a small inconvenience?
A. 不好意思。 Excuse me. / Sorry.
B. 对不起。 Sorry.

Exercise 3: Choose the Best Greeting 选最合适的问候语

Learning Goal: Match the expression to the situation instead of memorizing it in isolation.
1. You meet your teacher in the morning. What should you say?
A. 老师早上好!
B. 晚安!
C. 没关系。
D. 对不起。
2. You start class and want to greet the whole group. What is the best choice?
A. 你好!
B. 您好!
C. 大家好!
D. 没事。
3. You see an old friend after a long time. What should you say?
A. 中午好!
B. 老师好!
C. 你吃了吗?
D. 好久不见!

Exercise 4: What Do You Say Back? 你怎么回应?

Learning Goal: Practice short, natural responses so learners can handle a basic greeting exchange.
1. Someone says “对不起。” What is the best response?
A. 大家好!
B. 没关系。
C. 晚安!
D. 上午好!
2. Your teacher says “同学们好!” What can students say back?
A. 老师好!
B. 你们好!
C. 没事。
D. 对不起。
3. Someone says “你好!” to you. What is a natural reply?
A. 晚安!
B. 没关系。
C. 你好!
D. 好久不见!