HSK1 Grammar: Basic verb "叫" (jiào)
叫 (jiào) means "to be called" or "to be named." Use it when you say someone's name, ask someone's name, or say what something is called.
This pattern is very common in introductions. In English we often say "My name is..." but in Chinese the natural beginner pattern is 我叫....
- Introducing your name: 我叫Yuli。 Wǒ jiào Yuli. — My name is Yuli.
- Introducing another person: 她叫李月。 Tā jiào Lǐ Yuè. — Her name is Li Yue.
- Asking for a name: 你叫什么名字? Nǐ jiào shénme míngzi? — What is your name?
- Naming objects: 这叫苹果。 Zhè jiào píngguǒ. — This is called an apple.
Important note about 是: 是 is not exactly the same as English is / am / are. In Chinese, 是 is usually used to connect two words or phrases with the same type of idea, often identity or category. You can say 我是Yuli。 (Wǒ shì Yuli. — I am Yuli.) or 我叫Yuli。 (Wǒ jiào Yuli. — My name is Yuli.) But we do not say 你是什么名字? (Nǐ shì shénme míngzi? — What is your name?) because 你 is a person, not a “name.” To ask someone’s name, use the verb 叫: 你叫什么名字? (Nǐ jiào shénme míngzi? — What is your name?)
| Chinese | Pinyin | English |
|---|---|---|
| 叫 | jiào | to be called, to be named |
| Chinese | Pinyin | English |
|---|---|---|
| 名字 | míngzi | name |
| 什么 | shénme | what |
| 这 | zhè | this |
| 苹果 | píngguǒ | apple |
| 我 | wǒ | I / me |
| 你 | nǐ | you |
| 他 | tā | he / him |
| 她 | tā | she / her |
⚠️ Common Mistakes to Avoid
- ❌ Wrong: 我是叫Yuli。
Wǒ shì jiào Yuli. — Do not use 是叫 for “my name is.” 叫 already functions as the verb meaning “to be called” in this sentence, so there is no need to add another verb, 是.
✅ Correct: 我叫Yuli。
Wǒ jiào Yuli. — My name is Yuli. - ❌ Wrong: 我叫学生。
Wǒ jiào xuéshēng. — 叫 is for names, not identity or profession.
✅ Correct: 我是学生。
Wǒ shì xuéshēng. — I am a student. - ❌ Wrong: 什么名字你叫?
Shénme míngzi nǐ jiào? — The question word stays in the normal position.
✅ Correct: 你叫什么名字?
Nǐ jiào shénme míngzi? — What is your name?
